Did Your Grandfather Work for the Railroad?

Finding my grandfather’s railroad pension papers gave me exciting details of his life to add to his narrative, such as work and wage history. As a bonus, I was thrilled to know he worked for the railroad because the little boy in me was fascinated with trains.

Most employment records should give you exciting information about your ancestors. Unfortunately, finding their employment records is rare due to privacy concerns and the destruction of files after the closing or merger of businesses. Railroad records are the exception.

Fortunately, many historical groups have saved the files of defunct railroads, with the Railroad Retirement Board (RRB) being the largest resource of personal papers of railroad workers. In the 1930s, Congressional legislation established the RRB to protect and administer the pensions of all railroad employees for all companies. Their files include the employee’s pension applications, numerous papers concerning service dates, and, sometimes, a listing of their monthly wages. The files may also include marriage and insurance information.

Knowing my grandfather’s monthly wages told me about his loss of work during the 1922 railroad strike. His wage history during the depression indicated he lost few work hours and got wage increases. He did well and could afford to purchase a luxury car in 1938. The papers also pinpointed the start of his health problems in 1949 and his disability pension in 1950. These documents were a treasure trove of information that added rich detail to his family history.

Access to the files for retirees falls into three stages. First, the RRB holds the files for those receiving pensions. Then, after the person dies, the board keeps their file for seven years. Lastly, after this waiting period, the board sends the inactive files to the National Archives. Use the webpage https://www.archives.gov/atlanta/public/railroad-retirement-board-records to obtain copies of the inactive files for your ancestors.

Ancestry.com has a searchable index, U.S., Railroad Retirement Pension Index, 1934-1987, based on the RBB files at the National archive. Unfortunately, the database does not offer images of the records. Additionally, my experience indicates the database is incomplete.

Other Employee Records at Ancestry.com
Ancestry.com has other railroad-related and non-railroad-related employment databases. Similar to the RRB files, they should add rich details to your family history if you find your ancestor in the files.

U.S. employment databases on Ancestry.com
• U.S., Chicago and North Western Railroad Employment Records, 1935-1970
• Utah, U.S., Select Union Pacific Railroad Personnel Records, 1890-1965
• California, U.S., Railroad Employment Records, 1862-1950
• Wisconsin, U.S., Employment Records, 1903-1988
• New York, U.S., State Employment Cards and Peddlers’ Licenses, 1840-1966
• U.S., Panama Canal Zone, Employment Records and Sailing lists, 1884-1937
• Colorado, Steelworks Employment Records, 1887-1979
• Brooklyn, New York, U.S., Bethlehem Steel Shipyard Employment Cards, 1908-1965
• Pennsylvania, U.S., Coal Employment Records, 1900-1954

Non-U.S. employment databases on Ancestry.com
• UK and Ireland, Commissioners’ Report of Children’s Employment, 1842
• The U.K., Railway Employment Records, 1833-1956
• Canada, Rideau Canal Rents, Property and Employment Correspondence, 1826-1855
• Tasmania, Australia, Teacher Employment History Cards, 1886-1945
• Tasmania, Australia, Railway Employment Records, 1903-1977
• New South Wales, Australia, Registers of Police Employment, 1847-1885

Pullman-Standard Employment Records
Another exciting resource for railroad-related employment records is those of former employees of the Pullman-Standard Corporation. Pullman was the leading producer of railroad passenger cars in the early 1900s and also employed the porters who serviced these specialty cars. Pullman-Standard hired thousands of workers from Northwest Indiana and Chicago at their Hammond, Michigan City, and Chicago locations. Since employees routinely transferred within the Pullman-Standard plants in Indiana and Illinois, you may find information on a particular employee in the files of both sites.

Chicago Works
The South Suburban Genealogical Society (SSGS) in Crestwood, Illinois, somehow saved the personnel files for the employees from the now-closed Pullman Standard Car Works plant in Pullman, Illinois (now part of Chicago). The group found the documents in a wood kiln in Hammond, Indiana, waiting for destruction.

There are approximately 200,000 individuals in the SSGS collection, and each person’s packet is different. Among the files are birth certificates, military documents, pictures, work histories, education records, and death certificates. Between January 1983 and 1989, SSGS used over 2,560 volunteer hours to alphabetize, clean, re-box, and index more than a million documents previously kept in numerical order. Unfortunately, there are no plans to digitize the files, which contain many delicate original copies.

Their research library is at 3000 W. 170th Place, Hazel Crest, Illinois. However, the society does not allow family researchers to browse the files, which are very fragile in some cases. SSGS staff will search the Pullman files at no charge to find if your ancestor is in the records, but there is a fee if you order a copy. You can contact SSGHS using their email, info@ssghs.org, or phone at (708) 335-3340 to request a search.

Indiana Plants
The Indiana Regional Archives at Calumet holds the employee records for the defunct Pullman Car Works in Hammond, Indiana. Volunteers from the Northwest Indiana Genealogical Society cataloged these records and made a searchable index available on the NWIGS website, http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~innwigs/, using their Online Archives or Research Resources page.

Service Personnel
The Newberry Library in Chicago holds the files of the Pullman car service employees, such as Porters and other staff. Contact the reference librarians at (312) 255-3512 (leave a message) or email your request using their webform at https://www.newberry.org/contact-librarian.

I was lucky to find the rich details of my grandfather’s employment. Even if you initially can not find similar information for your ancestors, don’t give up. Continue searching the local library collections, genealogy society, and historical society where your ancestors lived. You may not be successful, but you will not know until you try. Finding them may unlock some magic.

The Descendants of Thomas McDowell in Colonial America

This book is the story of the descendants of Thomas McDowell, who came to the American colonies in the 1700s, and their impact on American History. The different branches lived in Pennsylvania, Delaware, Virginia, North Carolina, and Kentucky, and many family members made significant contributions to the growth of the colonies.

The new homes of the McDowell Family were on the frontier. Life there was challenging as they had to clear their land and build cabins. They also joined the local militias to protect themselves against Indian attacks. Even though Indians killed some, most survived and, in many cases, flourished.

The McDowell family had many members who fought in the American Revolution to establish our freedoms. Did you know Charles McDowell, “Pleasant Garden Joe” McDowell, and “Quaker Meadows Joe” McDowell were officers in the North Carolina Militia who had a significant role in defeating the British at a turning point in the American Revolution. They are in history books.

The McDowell family’s contribution to American History goes beyond our three heroes in the North Carolina militia. Read the pages of this book to discover who the other heroes are. One may be your ancestor.

The book offers a fascinating overview of colonial American life. Even if you don’t have McDowell ancestors, you may find a connection to your colonial roots.

Research Trips: Cemeteries, Libraries, and Archives

Using the internet is a great way to start your research, but eventually, you will have to plan a research trip to get more information. You may be able to get some non-internet information through phone calls, letters, and emails. Eventually, you will need to do a genealogy-related trip for in-person research because you have too many questions, and the research may be too complicated to do it remotely. Additionally, wherever you go, you need to prepare very carefully to have a successful trip.

I suggest your first trip should be near where you live. Also, your first trip should have a small, simple to-do list. The location could be a cemetery, a local genealogy archive, or just visiting the neighborhood where your ancestors lived. Your research could be to record tombstone inscriptions, search for copies of obituaries, or take pictures of the homes and neighborhoods. These straightforward trips will help you develop your organizational skills for longer and more complicated trips. Furthermore, learn to photograph grave markers and take tombstone rubbings at a nearby cemetery. The time to learn is not at a cemetery many miles from home on the last day of your journey, with a storm approaching.

Where to go:
Cemeteries

Gather your information by recording inscriptions on grave markers, looking at nearby graves for other relatives or family and friends, and taking pictures.

Local Libraries and Historical Museums
Some local libraries and historical museums go beyond having genealogy books on their shelves. Look for older copies of the local newspapers, school yearbooks, ring binders holding stories of local history (people, buildings, and events), and a collection of historical photos of buildings and people that relate to your family history.

Genealogy Societies
Many local genealogy societies have worked hard to build collections of documents and information that pertain to their location. Their files are excellent sources for hard-to-find birth, marriage, and death records, family bibles, family histories, county histories, cemetery records, obituaries, and many more. Most societies have websites that list their collections and contact information. You may be able to answer some of your questions by email or phone, but if your list is long, you should plan to visit their archive for help.

County Offices
The county recorder is the place to find real estate and transactions for your ancestors. You must do this research in person or hire someone to do it. The county recorder or health department holds copies of birth, marriage, and death certificates, but you can usually order copies of these documents by mail, phone, or their website.

Other resources
The following are other resources that hold documents that you may need but are not online. Check their websites to see if they accept phone or email requests. However, if your list is long, you must do the research in person.
• Historical Battlefields
• Regional Libraries
• State Archives
• Regional National Archives

Avoid frustration and increase your research time by carefully planning your research trips:

  1. Determine what records are available at the location of your trip. Email or call to make sure they have what you need. Make sure you visit the correct location, i.e., county borders may have changed, and your records may be at another courthouse. If your trip is a long distance from your home, double-check for alternate sources close to home.
  2. Know What You Want. It is imperative to have a research plan so that you stay focused. Make a list of the issues you need to research at the location. Your lists should include:
    • specific facts you want to prove or disprove
    • records you need to find for particular people
    • what documents do you want to browse to see if they mention your ancestors
    • make a list of questions you need to ask at the location
  3. Make sure the location is open the day you plan to be there. Make another phone call one to two weeks before your visit to make sure their schedule has not changed. Also, ask if there are any special instructions for finding the facility and convenient parking. Also, ask if they have a cafeteria, lunchroom, or nearby restaurants. For cemetery visits, obtain a map of the cemetery and the location of your ancestor’s gravesite before your visit, or make sure the office is open the day of your visit.
  4. Learn the Procedures of the Location. You should learn the rules and restrictions on research at the library or archive, such as the use of cameras, laptops, and portable scanners. Are pens allowed, or are only pencils used? Is a wireless connection available? Is the access to the records closed stack or open stack? Are copy machines in open areas, or are staff only allowed to copy documents? Make sure the documents are at the library and not in off-site storage.
  5. Get your Files and Tools Organized for the Trip. Taking the right stuff on your trip is essential. As part of your planning, it will be helpful to make lots of lists;
    • Notes you have for the people targeted on the trip
    • List of questions and issues for your targeted people
    • Maps, directions, and contact information
    • Always remember to take a magnifying glass to help in reading old records.
    • Copies of family trees or access to your family trees
    • Take copies of documents with you and leave your original documents behind. No one will probably steal them, but forgetting them somewhere is a definite possibility.

Other things to pack for a research trip
• Laptop computer or tablet – If you have one, take it on your trip, even if it is not allowed in the research facility. It is a great communication tool, and Wifi connections are available at most hotels and coffee shops.
• Thumb drives or flask drives to download copies of documents using the computers at the facility.
• Cell Phone – Never leave for a trip without your cell phone. This is essential for communicating on your trip and also using the map app on your phone.
• Camera – Even if cameras are not allowed in the research facility, use your camera to record your trip. You can also use your smartphone.
• Suitable clothing – Look at the weather forecast and be prepared for the worst.
• Umbrella – Again, always be prepared for changes in the weather.
• Snacks – You will need extra energy.
• If visiting cemeteries, take tools to clean around the edges of the grave markers.

Research trips should be fun. Preparing for it helps make your success possible.

Benefits of Organizing Your Genealogy Research

So you want to research your family history. What do you already know about your ancestors? What documents do you have? Why do you want to do this research? What is your goal?

Whatever you have to start, organizing your efforts and results is a critical tool in successful genealogical research.  Being systematic is vital for several reasons:

  1. Efficiency:

When you organize your research and workplace, you can quickly find the information you need. This efficiency saves time and prevents frustration during the research process.

If you are disorganized,  you may misplace something and lose time and frustration searching for it. You can better spend this lost time searching for more information, evaluating what you find, and many more genealogy or family activities. Worse,  you may spend money to replace what you misplaced, which is money you can not use to pay for books, conferences, trips, or updating your computers and software.

  • Clarity:

Being organized helps you find your desired results effectively. Organized research allows you to trust the information you’ve gathered. When you have facts at your fingertips, it is easier to enter accurate criteria in your searches. It enables you to do precise and complete research. It minimizes the time you spend going down rabbit holes chasing false information.

Additionally, when you are organized, other people find it easier to work with you. Answering questions and extracting documents from your files effectively gives the impression of a knowledgeable genealogist and earns respect from the other person. Working with an organized researcher can be a pleasure. If you provide an incomplete answer and can not find your documentation, other researchers may ask themselves if they want to work with you.

  • Better Decision-Making:

Clutter and disorganization can impair your ability to focus and make decisions accurately. You may feel overwhelmed. The experience increases your stress level, which hurts your productivity and decision-making ability.

Organizing puts you back in control. You’ll know where to find relevant materials, making the entire process more manageable. It reduces the time spent chasing false clues. If you are calm and organized,  you can think more clearly, make better decisions, and do better work. You can enjoy your genealogy work.

Also, remember that organizing your research goes beyond setting up a filing system. To be organized, consider the following:

  1. Set a goal
  2. It is why you are doing your research.
  3. It may change, but you need a direction to get started.
  4. It helps you to stay focussed.
  • Carefully choose the information you save
  • It is crucial to know the difference between documents and information
  • It is essential to see the information that helps your ancestor’s story to emerge
  • It is imperative not to clutter your files with documents for non-family members unless they add to your goals.
  • Plan on sharing your research with your family
  • Sharing may get you more information from family members as they remember
  • Making sure your family understands what you show them will help your research
  • Ensuring you organize your genealogy files increases the odds that your family will keep them and not throw them out as a bunch of old papers

So, start organizing early to reap the benefits. Whatever your goals are, do the work, organize the information, and save what you find for future generations. Design your organizational plan to fit your goals, skills, and space. Get it organized so it’s worth saving.

Remember, your research can create something valuable for you and your family.

Having a Goal is Crucial to Successful Genealogy Research

Before you start, you must have a vision of ”Why are you researching your family history?” Your answer to this question will determine some key factors in doing your research because then you must decide your focal point and your goals. You can not get there unless you have a destination in mind. You may have to change your goal at some point, however, having a goal helps you focus on the steps to get there.

When I asked fellow genealogists this question, most said, “At first, they were curious about who their ancestors were and where the family came from,” or “they wanted to verify a story about an ancestor.” However, all told me that once they started finding their information, they added the goals of sharing their results with their family and saving the documents and stories for future generations.

I have always wanted to learn more about my family’s history, and I have had a similar transformation as other researchers. My journey of discovery began after my parents and grandparents had died. This was a handicap, but I soon forgot it after I found my first documents. I quickly became addicted to genealogy research. The thrill of seeing my grandparents and great-grandparents on passenger lists and marriage records changed my priorities from not just satisfying my curiosity but also adding a promise to pass along the documents and stories I find to my children, grandchildren, and future generations of grandchildren.

Once I began compiling the information from oral history and documents, I realized that family histories are more than piles of documents that list parents, grandparents, and their ancestors. Our family histories are made up of information you find in the family stories, pictures, and documents. I became more excited about my family as I saw how these pieces of information were related and came together like a jigsaw puzzle. I also discovered that my initial view of my family changed quickly as the information and stories flowed from the research. As I found more information, my family history gave me a greater closeness to my ancestors and their lives. Identifying who, what, and where those shown in family photo albums helped tell a story. Interpreting the facts shown on the various documents and seemingly explaining their relationship to the lives of my ancestors brought their memories back to life. This is important because only a few people enjoyed doing the research and interpreting the documents. However, most family members enjoy reading the stories. The task of the genealogist or family historian is to find a way to save their family history in a format that can be enjoyed by most family members.

Uncovering our history should remind us of our roots. Writing about the major events in the lives of our ancestors helps us and our descendants understand how our ancestors affected our lives. All of our immigrant ancestors made significant contributions to America’s history. History books may not mention them, but their efforts were needed to grow America. Think about the work that was needed by the early settlers to clear the land and establish their first homes. Think about the many immigrants that were needed to fuel the industrial growth in America. All immigrants contributed in some way to the growth of the country. These stories are essential to document and save for future generations of our families.

My initial attempts to share my research at family gatherings were disappointing, and they had a lot to do with how I organized my research and what I shared. These early efforts included using a ring binder with tabs for each ancestor, including copies of the documents that I had found and printouts of the various genealogical reports available on genealogy software.

My organization consisted of sorting and filing documents by name and placing them into a folder for each person. I had four drawers available and had filled only one when I discovered this was a very wasteful system. The filing system was time-consuming to save documents and not efficient when retrieving data when doing research. Also, the system did not produce information in a format that family members could easily understand. Most relatives were not interested in reviewing documents and charts. They found the documents complex to read and the charts difficult to understand. They wanted to read the stories and not the data.

To improve the experience at future family gatherings, I tried to find a better format to present the material. I reviewed various lineage software reports, but I could not find any that told the stories my family wanted to see. Genealogy research should go beyond finding documents and filling in names and dates on charts. I needed a simple process that would make my research efforts more efficient and create pages of information that could be read and understood by all family members. I wanted my research to become faster and more accurate and also to have my family enjoy their family history.

I realized that I wanted to save my research in a better format that my family could read and understand easily. The pages that I leave behind have to contain the stories in my family history. A pile of pictures and an album of pictures could depict many aspects of family history, but they must be interpreted, and their relationships should be written down.

Writing down the stories and the relationships helps us understand our heritage and the lives of our ancestors. After sharing my results with other family members, I get a sense that our family has become more connected. This method will also preserve the memories of our ancestors for future generations. Creating a written family history should also help future generations feel more connected to our ancestors. Writing a family history should also preserve what our efforts uncovered. My goal is to leave my research in a format that future researchers can fully understand what I found and use it as a starting point to expand it further.

My research should preserve the accuracy of the stories as they are now. Family historians cannot procrastinate. The longer you wait, the more likely you will lose older family members who die or suffer memory loss before they can pass along their valuable family memories.

 All have family stories that give insights into the lives of our ancestors. Some are entertaining, others are celebrations of our cultural heritage, and others are more historical in nature. They all should be saved so they can accurately pass down to future generations.

 You may find it hard to believe that our family history is essential to save. You should consider that all of our immigrant ancestors contributed to America’s history, and you should preserve their stories for our grandchildren. It is essential to understand that someone in your family should capture and save the oral histories now before the stories are further diluted or lost altogether. The farmers and the factory workers contributed their efforts to the growth of America alongside all of the names listed in the history books. Our family histories should give clues about their roles, and this will help us understand our roots.

Our collection of family stories, photos, and documents is incomplete unless someone writes an explanation of how they are related. This creates our unique family history and is the core of why someone needs to write them down for the enjoyment of our children and grandchildren.

You can not be afraid to begin. Concentrate on finding one story and then another by doing the research. Finding the small pieces will make the task easier and will be fun. Eventually, the small pieces will begin to fit together, and the overall story of our family history will appear.

My focus in the early stages of writing my family history was to research and identify the stories that my relatives, documents, and pictures told. My focus was not on writing a family history but on documenting what I found. My research notes and documentation could be the basis for a family history, but they were written to help with my research and to help share the information with my family.  I did, in fact, create a family history as the stories came together almost by accident. This method put very little pressure on me to produce such an important document. There was a lot of work to do the research and keep my notes updated, but the final document seemed to emerge, and I cried out to share it with everyone.

My genealogy efforts have become a treasure to my family due to the organization of the information I found and the readability of my research notes. In its current format, I am optimistic it will endure and be enjoyed by future generations.  It can help us understand our heritage both here in the U.S. and where our ancestors came from. It lets us gain knowledge and appreciation for our ancestors and their lives.

Whatever your goals are, do the work so it can be organized and saved for future generations. Get the details and do the work so that it’s worth saving.

Do it now!

Two New Books Published in June

Both available on Amazon.com

Finding the European Records of Our Ancestors Find your roots! This is a “must have” book for the family historian who wants to identify their European heritage. It covers finding records in Germany, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, France, Italy, Ireland, England, Scotland, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, and Jewish.

French Genealogy: Finding the French Records – Are you looking for your French ancestors? This book will lead you to their records in the old country. Who are their parents? Grandparents? and hopefully, a few more generations. The author uses his experience to outline a simple and successful process.

Translating Polish Records

Hooray! You may have some Polish records of your ancestors; however, you now face a new set of challenges:

  • The records are not in English. They are written in German, Polish, Latin, or Russian.
  • They are handwritten using German Script and are hard to read.
  • Name variations are confusing, so you do not recognize your ancestors in the registers.
  • They are in the narrative format, which magnifies the difficulty of handwriting and language.

Don’t be discouraged. Be patient! Overcoming these problems is possible.

Language

My mind initially froze when I saw my first record in a foreign language. In the past, I consistently failed when trying to learn a foreign language. However, after the first document, I learned to work through my lack of language skills and find my ancestors in the records.

My translating toolbox includes the following:

  • Genealogical Word Lists for keywords
  • Online translator apps for words not in word lists
  • People Translators for complex documents

The wordlists and online apps will not give me a complete translation but will get me close.

Genealogical Word Lists

Most modern translation tools, such as dictionaries and online apps, will not accurately translate genealogical records because languages have changed. Many terms have fallen out of use. Luckily, genealogists have compiled word lists or glossaries of genealogical terms to overcome these changes. A few online apps also include older terms and definitions. These lists help overcome some of the problems of lack of language skills.

As I browse online digital images of the records, I usually have a list of keywords such as dates, occupations, and relationships available to help me select images pertaining to my ancestors. First, I verified the name on the document and then used the word list to decipher the date and other keywords to confirm details.

I recommend the online source for word lists in FamilySearch’s “Wiki” pages. Other online sources exist, but FamilySearch includes more words and is easy to access and use. Exceptions to this recommendation are the specialty lists compiled for occupations, sickness, and causes of death.

FamilySearch’s word lists will include the terms in the native language (German, Polish, Latin, or Russian) arranged alphabetically, with English equivalents following the terms. In addition, the general section of the list includes terms commonly found in genealogical documents.  These glossaries of terms list the numbers, months, and days of the week in the general list and separate sections before the general list.

You can find genealogical word lists on the FamilySearch.org Wiki pages by typing “word lists” into the wiki search box and pressing “enter.” Then, select the correct language from the resulting list.

More Books

Here are a few books that also give a glossary of genealogical terms and translation aids.

In Their Words: German, Polish, Latin, and Russian – A Genealogist’s Translation Guide by William F. Hoffman and Jonathan D. Shea – There are four books in the series with a version for Polish, Latin, Russian, and German. The book offers another excellent resource for a word glossary of genealogical terms used in older documents. The books are available on Amazon.com and the Polish Genealogical Society of America’s online bookstore, PGSA.org.

A translation guide to 19th-century Polish-language civil-registration documents: including birth, marriage, and death records by Judith R. Frazin – This book is a great tool when deciphering the Polish narrative records in the Russian Partition. Each type of record has a standard format to record the information, and the author breaks down each section into phrases. As a result, her book offers translations of most of the phrases you will encounter in the narrative records.

Online apps such as Google Translate (https://translate.google.com/) and Poltran (http://www.poltran.com) do a reasonable job of getting to the meaning of the sentence or giving a quick meaning to the passage. However, it is not perfect.

Reading Old Script

The information in the Polish records will be handwritten using Old German gothic handwriting. The formation of the letters is very different from the handwriting you recognize in today’s writing. An example are the letters f, h, j, s, and t, which differ only by the location of the loop or no loop. Download a chart from FamilySearch’s wiki pages comparing the letters of Roman Type and Old German Type and the letters of Old German Script and become familiar with their differences. Also, exchange similar letters when trying to decipher difficult words.

It is crucial you attempt to decipher as much of the record as you can. Your efforts will improve your comfort zone with Polish records, produce better research, and reduce the number of false family records analyzed.

Using Translators

The above books and word lists can partially translate most columnar formatted documents and many words in narrative records. However, some documents, such as narratives describing complicated marriage or death records, may have important family information and should be translated by someone knowledgeable in the appropriate language. In these situations, I request translations from someone familiar with the language who can give me the complete translation.

Before committing to any translator, ask questions about their experience and use recommendations from other genealogists. You also need to discuss the method of payment with your translator. It is essential if they are in Europe because transferring funds overseas may include costly fees. I have used PayPal and Western Union in the past.

One source I recently found for translating records is the Facebook Group, Genealogical Translations. Once you join the group, you can post one document daily for someone to translate. You will usually receive a translation within 48 hours. This service is free and performed by group members, so be respectful.

Here are two more resources where you can find a Polish translator:

Final comments on translating Polish records

  1. Try to decipher as much of the record as you can
  2. Learn to read Old German Script and recognize how the letters differ from today’s writing.
  3. Use genealogical word lists to translate your records partially.
  4. Ask for help if you find a problematic passage or phase.
  5. Translate as much to the records as possible because even small comments can enrich your family history when combined with facts from other documents.

Writing Family History for the Nonwriter

It is not enough to research your family history. Learn to save your research and the memories of your ancestors by writing a family history. Join me at the Arlington Heights Library for a virtual program on July 12 at 7 pm for my program, “Writing Family History for the Nonwriter.” Don’t be afraid to try. Register at: https://www.ahml.info/scheduling/reservation/108709?fbclid=IwAR0BZxDAEqr7QlIT7S1wrpr0cnSOA0U6DUND-m6nqmH4E3-OhJCh4byRtbo

Organizing your Family History

Researching family history generates a mountain of paper as you find records. However, these records are treasures because they are critical sources of data about your family. Furthermore, organizing these records and their information is crucial to the success of your work because your future research depends on retrieving their details quickly.

The first step in organing your work is setting up a system to label your folders. Your method should be logical, easy to file a document, quick to retrieve, and easy to remember.

Most genealogists use factors such as surname, given name, record type, date, place, and other details to sort their information. Which factors they use as their primary and secondary information depends on personal choice, but surname and record type seem to be the most popular choices. For example:

Using “surname” as your primary factor and the given name as the secondary will show “Smith, Joseph” on the folder tab. So all documents are sorted by a person’s name, and the folders are stored in name order.

Using the “record type” as the primary factor will show “Census, 1930” or “Census, Smith” on a folder tab.

Some documents, such as census and passenger records, pertain to multiple people. Instead of filing a copy for each individual, many researchers use a combination of the two systems. For example, they save census and passenger records by record type and surname to eliminate the need for multiple copies. Then, they file the other documents by surname and given name.

Genealogists use two systems to store paper documents: file folders and ring binders.

They need a filing cabinet or storage crates to place the folders. Color coding the folders will help them file new documents and retrieve them when needed. However, it is difficult to add more cabinets when the cabinet is full. Storage crates are easier to add, but ehrn multiple crates are stacked to save space, moving the containers to find a file is cumbersome. Folders are also challenging to carry and use on trips away from your work area.

Ring binders are another method of storing paper documents. They are easily retrieved from shelves, especially if the spine labels are color-coded. Start with small (1”) or medium (2”) binders and expand to the larger (3”) size as needed. The binder pages are easy to flip through to find information, especially if you place the documents behind the tabs in chronological order. The small and medium binders are easy to transport to libraries and archives in backpacks, but they can become heavy as you add records. Nevertheless, most researchers find adding ring binders and shelving space easier than finding room for another file cabinet.

Go Digital

Eliminating paper and digitally saving your documents may be the system of the future. Digital files eliminate the mountain of paper and significantly reduce the physical space needed. For example, my 20 years of genealogy files use 132 GB of digital storage. I use my laptop as my primary storage unit and a 1 TB external hard drive to back up my files. These two devices are significantly small than a file cabinet or the twenty-ring binders needed to store the paper equivalent of my digital files.

I label my digital files using the same factors as a paper system, using surnames and record type as my primary factors and adding 3-4 secondary factors to the file name.

Using “surname” as my primary factor, my label will be “smith-joseph-census-1930”.

Using the “record-type” as the primary factor will show ”census-1930-smith-joseph” as the record label.

Once I type my file name, select my folder, and hit “save,” my computer will automatically place my new file in the order my naming system dictates. So, remember, once you decide on your system, be consistent so your files appear in the folders where you expect them.

Visiting libraries and archives will become easier when you use digital files. You can copy your pertinent files to a thumb drive to reference them using a computer at the facility. You can use the same thumb drive to save digital copies of what you find and transfer them to your computer after your trip. Going digital minimizes your physical space, and transporting your files becomes less challenging.

The main drawback of going digital is a computer crash where you lose the information on your hard drive. Therefore, making a backup copy is critical, and experts recommend backing up your files monthly as a minimum.

I add an essential step to my digital system. As I find my documents, I save a copy to my computer but then compile the information I see in the record into a summary for the individual mentioned in the document. I carefully enter the information into the summary chronologically, which helps reveal their story. I also include a document copy at the end of the summary. Adding the copy may seem like overkill, but I use this step to add the source citation in the label above the document. I need to add that data immediately to ensure I  do not forget it. I usually do not review the copy on my computer again unless I suspect a problem with what I entered in the summary.

Benefits of my digital summary:

  • It s a quick reference of the facts by putting all the information for the individual in one place to speed up future research
  • Is flexible when adding facts, stories, and pictures
  • It is a narrative, and all family members can understand it
  • It can be easily shared with family members or other researchers through email.
  • It saves paper, but more importantly, it saves the information in the records

The critical step in being organized is to develop a system that fits your needs and skills, then consistently use it. Also, do not be afraid to change your system as your skills increase and technology changes.

Writing Family Histories for the Nonwriter

Genealogy research should go beyond finding documents and filling in names and dates on charts. After finding my first family documents, saving the information in a family history for my children and future generations became a priority. However, I was reluctant to write a family history because I was uncomfortable with the grammar rules and organizing my thoughts into clear statements. I also felt I could not give my research to another person to write the narrative because they could not feel my connection with my ancestors as a researcher and a family member. Fortunately, I developed a method that overcame my reluctance, and this process should also work for most nonwriters.

My strategy for writing my family history is to initially focus on transcribing the information into summaries for each ancestor. These entries can be bullet points; I use sentences, but they do not have to be. This method helps me start the process and should work for most people to overcome their fear and reluctance to start writing their family history.

I visualize my initial entries for an ancestor as just recording information. As a result, my first entries have an encyclopedic format and could be considered boring. Here is a sample:

“The baptismal record for my grandmother, Anna Chmielewska, indicates she was born on June 26, 1899, in Pierzshaly, Poland, to Aleksander Chmielewski and Julianna Zaluska.”

This format is mechanical. After using it frequently, remembering specific words, phases, and the sentence structure for each type of record is easy. Each entry begins with the name of the record type, followed by a verb such as lists, indicates, or shows. Next, enter the person’s name and then list the information in the document. Using this method, I can record the information quickly and accurately in my summaries for each ancestor because the words flow freely. In addition, frequent use has trained my eyes where to look for the information.

I use summaries as my primary research document and refer to them when needing facts to do more research. I also update them conscientiously when I find new information. Having all the information for an individual in one place is another benefit because it helps find new info faster. Additionally, I list the information in chronological order, which will slowly tell the stories. Finally, the latest info, details, and stories help me expand the initial encyclopedic entry into an appealing narrative. For example, here is the current narrative describing my grandmother’s birth and the walk to the church for her baptism.

“Anna was born at 7 p.m. on Monday, June 26, 1899, to Aleksander Chmielewski and Julia Zaluska in a small cottage in the farming village Przezdziecko-Pierzchaly, Polish Russia.

“In Poland, fathers choose the names of their sons, and mothers select their daughters’ names. Additionally, Polish parents often give their children saint’s names, and usually, the name is associated with the saint for the day of the birth. However, the saint’s name for June 26 was not Anna, so I do not know why my grandmother received her name.

On the day after Anna’s birth, Aleksander put Julia and the baby onto his horse cart and led them down the dirt road three miles to the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary Catholic Church in Andrzejewo for Anna’s baptism. Walking behind their father were Anna’s four siblings – Marianna (age 17), Boleslaw (age 14), Stefania (age 12), and Hipolit (age 6).

“Also joining the procession were Grandfather Adam Chmielewski and the godparents Franciszek and Emilia Uscinski. Emilia was Julia’s first cousin, and, as godmother, she was responsible for dressing the infant for the christening.

“Another group accompanying the family to the church were Jozef Sutkowski, age forty-two, and Aleksander Sutkowski, age forty, who were needed as witnesses to the birth. They were farmers in Pierzchaly and brothers to Anna’s grandmother Teodora who had died four years prior.

“Grandmother Franciszka Zaluska and other family members met them in Andrzejewo because they lived near the church. Babka, who helped with Anna’s birth,  stayed behind in the village to organize the christening party.”

I may seem creative in my words in the second example, but I did not make up the details. They came from the documents and photos:

  • Birth and Baptismal Dates – from Anna’s baptismal record
  • Birthplace and location of church – from Anna’s baptismal record
  • Descendant from Nobility – from Anna’s baptismal record and the baptismal and marriage records of her parents
  • Size of the cottage – from vintage pictures of the village
  • Condition of roads – from vintage photos of the area
  • Origins of her name – from books on Polish customs
  • The list of people attending the baptism- from birth, marriage, and death records for the friends and family of the Chmielewski family and the village of Pierzchaly
  • Distance to the church – calculation from a map

Remember that sources of details and stories that go beyond the traditional documents are county histories, books on ethnic customs and traditions, maps, newspaper articles, and stories about daily life in the same area. Most of these sources do not mention your ancestors, but they give you insights into their lives.

Another essential resource is the older photos in family albums. Ask relatives to identify the event and the people. Also, review the images that show the inside of the homes. Also, there were clues and details related to my ancestors in the photos I saw in books and online collections – especially those depicting the neighborhood where they lived and worked. Additionally, the details sometimes may give clues to areas needing even more research.

Another source of clues is asking questions about the information you have found. The lack of an answer points to areas that need more research.

  • Where did they live? Find pictures of the home
  • Why did they move? Read the history of the area, focusing on what drew your ancestors to the area or drove them away
  • What was their occupation? Read accounts that describe the skills and effort they needed to do their jobs
  • What social history affected their lives? Only include events that directly affected them

The last essential part of my method is to write entries with an audience in mind. Picturing the audience helps to write for them in clear narratives. In my case, I try to envision my grandchildren or great-grandchildren reading my stories.

Whatever format the summary has, it serves two purposes: first, as research notes, so you can quickly research further, and second, as a readable document, you can easily share it with your family. In addition, the information is in a format your family does not have to know the genealogical jargon to understand what you share with them.

Points to Remember:

  • Be accurate in recording the data from documents
  • Add descriptive information to your statements found in other sources
  • Add first-person accounts when available
  • Use your voice, style, and vocabulary
  • Do not exaggerate
  • Omit needless words (keep it simple)
  • Focus on recording the information and saving stories, and your family history will appear

However, I must caution you that once you start, you may get addicted to this exciting journey along your family’s past. My research has brought many ancestors back to life. Sometimes, I can feel them looking over my shoulder as I enter their stories onto their pages. That feeling may seem crazy, but that’s the connection that may occur.