Having a Goal is Crucial to Successful Genealogy Research

Before you start, you must have a vision of ”Why are you researching your family history?” Your answer to this question will determine some key factors in doing your research because then you must decide your focal point and your goals. You can not get there unless you have a destination in mind. You may have to change your goal at some point, however, having a goal helps you focus on the steps to get there.

When I asked fellow genealogists this question, most said, “At first, they were curious about who their ancestors were and where the family came from,” or “they wanted to verify a story about an ancestor.” However, all told me that once they started finding their information, they added the goals of sharing their results with their family and saving the documents and stories for future generations.

I have always wanted to learn more about my family’s history, and I have had a similar transformation as other researchers. My journey of discovery began after my parents and grandparents had died. This was a handicap, but I soon forgot it after I found my first documents. I quickly became addicted to genealogy research. The thrill of seeing my grandparents and great-grandparents on passenger lists and marriage records changed my priorities from not just satisfying my curiosity but also adding a promise to pass along the documents and stories I find to my children, grandchildren, and future generations of grandchildren.

Once I began compiling the information from oral history and documents, I realized that family histories are more than piles of documents that list parents, grandparents, and their ancestors. Our family histories are made up of information you find in the family stories, pictures, and documents. I became more excited about my family as I saw how these pieces of information were related and came together like a jigsaw puzzle. I also discovered that my initial view of my family changed quickly as the information and stories flowed from the research. As I found more information, my family history gave me a greater closeness to my ancestors and their lives. Identifying who, what, and where those shown in family photo albums helped tell a story. Interpreting the facts shown on the various documents and seemingly explaining their relationship to the lives of my ancestors brought their memories back to life. This is important because only a few people enjoyed doing the research and interpreting the documents. However, most family members enjoy reading the stories. The task of the genealogist or family historian is to find a way to save their family history in a format that can be enjoyed by most family members.

Uncovering our history should remind us of our roots. Writing about the major events in the lives of our ancestors helps us and our descendants understand how our ancestors affected our lives. All of our immigrant ancestors made significant contributions to America’s history. History books may not mention them, but their efforts were needed to grow America. Think about the work that was needed by the early settlers to clear the land and establish their first homes. Think about the many immigrants that were needed to fuel the industrial growth in America. All immigrants contributed in some way to the growth of the country. These stories are essential to document and save for future generations of our families.

My initial attempts to share my research at family gatherings were disappointing, and they had a lot to do with how I organized my research and what I shared. These early efforts included using a ring binder with tabs for each ancestor, including copies of the documents that I had found and printouts of the various genealogical reports available on genealogy software.

My organization consisted of sorting and filing documents by name and placing them into a folder for each person. I had four drawers available and had filled only one when I discovered this was a very wasteful system. The filing system was time-consuming to save documents and not efficient when retrieving data when doing research. Also, the system did not produce information in a format that family members could easily understand. Most relatives were not interested in reviewing documents and charts. They found the documents complex to read and the charts difficult to understand. They wanted to read the stories and not the data.

To improve the experience at future family gatherings, I tried to find a better format to present the material. I reviewed various lineage software reports, but I could not find any that told the stories my family wanted to see. Genealogy research should go beyond finding documents and filling in names and dates on charts. I needed a simple process that would make my research efforts more efficient and create pages of information that could be read and understood by all family members. I wanted my research to become faster and more accurate and also to have my family enjoy their family history.

I realized that I wanted to save my research in a better format that my family could read and understand easily. The pages that I leave behind have to contain the stories in my family history. A pile of pictures and an album of pictures could depict many aspects of family history, but they must be interpreted, and their relationships should be written down.

Writing down the stories and the relationships helps us understand our heritage and the lives of our ancestors. After sharing my results with other family members, I get a sense that our family has become more connected. This method will also preserve the memories of our ancestors for future generations. Creating a written family history should also help future generations feel more connected to our ancestors. Writing a family history should also preserve what our efforts uncovered. My goal is to leave my research in a format that future researchers can fully understand what I found and use it as a starting point to expand it further.

My research should preserve the accuracy of the stories as they are now. Family historians cannot procrastinate. The longer you wait, the more likely you will lose older family members who die or suffer memory loss before they can pass along their valuable family memories.

 All have family stories that give insights into the lives of our ancestors. Some are entertaining, others are celebrations of our cultural heritage, and others are more historical in nature. They all should be saved so they can accurately pass down to future generations.

 You may find it hard to believe that our family history is essential to save. You should consider that all of our immigrant ancestors contributed to America’s history, and you should preserve their stories for our grandchildren. It is essential to understand that someone in your family should capture and save the oral histories now before the stories are further diluted or lost altogether. The farmers and the factory workers contributed their efforts to the growth of America alongside all of the names listed in the history books. Our family histories should give clues about their roles, and this will help us understand our roots.

Our collection of family stories, photos, and documents is incomplete unless someone writes an explanation of how they are related. This creates our unique family history and is the core of why someone needs to write them down for the enjoyment of our children and grandchildren.

You can not be afraid to begin. Concentrate on finding one story and then another by doing the research. Finding the small pieces will make the task easier and will be fun. Eventually, the small pieces will begin to fit together, and the overall story of our family history will appear.

My focus in the early stages of writing my family history was to research and identify the stories that my relatives, documents, and pictures told. My focus was not on writing a family history but on documenting what I found. My research notes and documentation could be the basis for a family history, but they were written to help with my research and to help share the information with my family.  I did, in fact, create a family history as the stories came together almost by accident. This method put very little pressure on me to produce such an important document. There was a lot of work to do the research and keep my notes updated, but the final document seemed to emerge, and I cried out to share it with everyone.

My genealogy efforts have become a treasure to my family due to the organization of the information I found and the readability of my research notes. In its current format, I am optimistic it will endure and be enjoyed by future generations.  It can help us understand our heritage both here in the U.S. and where our ancestors came from. It lets us gain knowledge and appreciation for our ancestors and their lives.

Whatever your goals are, do the work so it can be organized and saved for future generations. Get the details and do the work so that it’s worth saving.

Do it now!

Two New Books Published in June

Both available on Amazon.com

Finding the European Records of Our Ancestors Find your roots! This is a “must have” book for the family historian who wants to identify their European heritage. It covers finding records in Germany, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, France, Italy, Ireland, England, Scotland, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, and Jewish.

French Genealogy: Finding the French Records – Are you looking for your French ancestors? This book will lead you to their records in the old country. Who are their parents? Grandparents? and hopefully, a few more generations. The author uses his experience to outline a simple and successful process.

Keep Your Family History Simple and Readable _update

You work hard doing your genealogy research and have found many stories you should save for future generations. Go beyond showing the documents and genealogical charts, such as family trees. There are many ways to save and share their family history research, such as newsletters, websites, blogs, and books. I recommend writing it as a narrative so you can publish it and save it in a book format that family members will keep and not toss out.

If you feel you do not have the writing skills needed, I can reassure you that you probably do. Just start writing what you see in the documents. Your family history is not an academic report. You must cite your sources, but do not let its academic nature distract you from the stories. Do not view writing your family history as a report at the end of a project. Try viewing it as a journey of discovery. Just tell it as a story to your family members using your voice and vocabulary.

Remember, your family history is a living document. Be flexible because there will always be new information to add. Be excited to tell the life story of your ancestors in words your family will understand. Do not be afraid to show your heart. Use your voice and style. Do not exaggerate or try to imitate your favorite author. You are writing it for your family. Write down the facts you find for each ancestor chronologically. It does not have to reach the literary level of a best-selling book. So please keep it simple and omit needless words.

Your vocabulary is also essential. Use the words your family typically hears from you. If you must look up the definition of a word, do not use it. Instead, use a word that is comfortable for you.

I encourage you to use your words, voice, and style, but spelling and grammar are crucial in any type of writing, including family history. If you are reluctant to write because these skills intimidate you, grammar checkers such as Microsoft Editor, Prowriting Aid, and Grammarly will help you overcome your fears. These products include a free version on their website or offline for products like Word. You can quickly write your draft at your skill level and then turn on the grammar-checking software to correct errors. Using grammar-checking software can effectively enhance the readability of your narratives.

I use Grammarly as my editor and have had great results. It also gives me suggestions to make my passages more readable. In addition, using this software allows me to spend more time researching and compiling the stories than agonizing over punctuation and grammar.

Initially, a grammar editor may intimidate you because it may catch many instances of spelling errors and your misuse of grammar and punctuation. However, the software is your friend because it points out problems privately before you show the narratives to your family. Your standing within your family should increase because your narratives are so clear. Also, remember the software does not change your narratives but merely suggests changes. The writer can accept the change or dismiss it. For example, I usually accept most punctuation changes but review how the other suggestions may change the meaning of my content before choosing.

Textbooks state all writers strive to create well-written narratives and use the fundamentals of sound writing. This statement may intimidate you from attempting to write a family history. But these lofty visions should not deter genealogists from doing their work. Instead, your goal should be to identify and save family stories using the skills and tools you have. Use your voice and vocabulary to save your research in narratives and software to correct your grammar and readability.

Do the research and enjoy your journey through your family history. Honor your ancestors by saving their memories in the stories you share with your family.

SAMPLE OPENING PASSAGE TO A FAMILY HISTORY

Here is an example of using history to begin your family history. I wrote this excerpt after I had completed most of the research. However, it helped me organize the overall story I tell in my history, and it created an exciting beginning for my family to read.

Our McDowell Family in American History

Thomas McDowell is my 8th great-grandfather whose father and grandfather had migrated from Scotland to Ireland seeking farmland. However, his six sons left Northern Ireland in the early 1700s to make new homes in the British colonies in America.

Scottish families had migrated to Ireland with the promise of land from King James. However, by 1700, most became upset with the British rule in Ireland and began considering further emigration. The British rulers and landowners in Ireland banned the practice of their Scottish Presbyterian faith. Additionally, they threatened the Scotsmen’s economic future by restricting the trade of Irish goods to only English merchants, banning any European trade. Beginning about 1720, many started leaving Ireland for the Colonies.

Our McDowell family left in the early 1700s to escape religious and political discrimination from the British in Ireland and acquire farmland. They came to America with their families, which included four to eleven children in each family group. Recruiters and land agents from the various American Colonies roamed Irish ports, offering land and freedom to those willing to risk crossing the Atlantic so their families could have a better life in the New World.

After arriving in the American Colonies, our early McDowell pioneers joined other Scotch-Irish families in the rolling hills in Pennsylvania, west of the German communities. They made their home in settlements such as Carlisle, Caln, Nottingham, Donegal, and Stranbane in Washington and Cumberland Counties.  They preferred the hills and valleys next to the Appalachian and Blue Ridge Mountains, which included the fertile Cumberland and Shenandoah Valleys in Pennsylvania and Virginia and the Piedmont area in North Carolina. The settlements grew as the early settlers wrote letters home, urging family members to join them. The different McDowell branches settled in Pennsylvania, Delaware, New Jersey, Virginia, and North Carolina.  

Thomas McDowell’s sons not only found the freedom and land they were seeking, but they had significant roles in the growth of the colonies and the founding of America. His sons and their descendants were early settlers in western Virginia and North Carolina, clearing land, building settlements, protecting their families from the threat of Indian attacks, and helping the American colonies claim their freedom from the English Crown during the American Revolution, such as leading their militias during the Battle of Kings Mountain, and the Battle at Cowpens.

Colonial settlements required male settlers to be members of their local militia. They formed these groups to protect themselves initially from the Indians, who tried to prevent the immigrants from settling on their native hunting lands. Two of our McDowell immigrants, William and John McDowell, were killed by Indian raids.

During the Revolutionary War, many local militias fought against the British. The sons and grandsons of our McDowell immigrants were members of the colonial Patriot forces who fought the British. Additionally, some were high-ranking officers and played significant roles in winning major battles, such as the Battle of Kings Mountain and the Battle of the Cowpens. Many are in the history books for their efforts in establishing the early settlements and serving in the military during the Indian Wars and the Revolutionary War.

Many of the McDowells living in Colonial Pennsylvania, Delaware, Virginia, and North Carolina were related, with their common ancestor being Thomas or one of his sons. Unfortunately, their relationships were sometimes confused. They had similar given names, such as Andrew, Alexander, Charles, John, and Joseph. They were also born about the same year. For example, Joseph “Pleasant Garden” McDowell, born in 1758, and  Joseph “Quaker Meadows” McDowell, born in 1756, are often confused. They lived in neighboring counties in western North Carolina.

This confusion is a crucial element to the McDowell story because I have found family historians have recorded many birth and death dates to the wrong family members with the same name or attributed erroneous parents, placing them in the wrong ancestral line. Additionally, Thomas’s son, Ephraim, is erroneously considered the progenitor of the McDowells in Virginia and the territory that became Kentucky. Some historians go further and attribute all McDowells as descendants of Ephraim. However, this confuses the ancestry of the descendants of Ephraim with the descendants of his five brothers.

I hope my McDowell Family History will sort out the confusing issues and give accurate details about their life stories while honoring their contributions to American history. 

Translating Polish Records

Hooray! You may have some Polish records of your ancestors; however, you now face a new set of challenges:

  • The records are not in English. They are written in German, Polish, Latin, or Russian.
  • They are handwritten using German Script and are hard to read.
  • Name variations are confusing, so you do not recognize your ancestors in the registers.
  • They are in the narrative format, which magnifies the difficulty of handwriting and language.

Don’t be discouraged. Be patient! Overcoming these problems is possible.

Language

My mind initially froze when I saw my first record in a foreign language. In the past, I consistently failed when trying to learn a foreign language. However, after the first document, I learned to work through my lack of language skills and find my ancestors in the records.

My translating toolbox includes the following:

  • Genealogical Word Lists for keywords
  • Online translator apps for words not in word lists
  • People Translators for complex documents

The wordlists and online apps will not give me a complete translation but will get me close.

Genealogical Word Lists

Most modern translation tools, such as dictionaries and online apps, will not accurately translate genealogical records because languages have changed. Many terms have fallen out of use. Luckily, genealogists have compiled word lists or glossaries of genealogical terms to overcome these changes. A few online apps also include older terms and definitions. These lists help overcome some of the problems of lack of language skills.

As I browse online digital images of the records, I usually have a list of keywords such as dates, occupations, and relationships available to help me select images pertaining to my ancestors. First, I verified the name on the document and then used the word list to decipher the date and other keywords to confirm details.

I recommend the online source for word lists in FamilySearch’s “Wiki” pages. Other online sources exist, but FamilySearch includes more words and is easy to access and use. Exceptions to this recommendation are the specialty lists compiled for occupations, sickness, and causes of death.

FamilySearch’s word lists will include the terms in the native language (German, Polish, Latin, or Russian) arranged alphabetically, with English equivalents following the terms. In addition, the general section of the list includes terms commonly found in genealogical documents.  These glossaries of terms list the numbers, months, and days of the week in the general list and separate sections before the general list.

You can find genealogical word lists on the FamilySearch.org Wiki pages by typing “word lists” into the wiki search box and pressing “enter.” Then, select the correct language from the resulting list.

More Books

Here are a few books that also give a glossary of genealogical terms and translation aids.

In Their Words: German, Polish, Latin, and Russian – A Genealogist’s Translation Guide by William F. Hoffman and Jonathan D. Shea – There are four books in the series with a version for Polish, Latin, Russian, and German. The book offers another excellent resource for a word glossary of genealogical terms used in older documents. The books are available on Amazon.com and the Polish Genealogical Society of America’s online bookstore, PGSA.org.

A translation guide to 19th-century Polish-language civil-registration documents: including birth, marriage, and death records by Judith R. Frazin – This book is a great tool when deciphering the Polish narrative records in the Russian Partition. Each type of record has a standard format to record the information, and the author breaks down each section into phrases. As a result, her book offers translations of most of the phrases you will encounter in the narrative records.

Online apps such as Google Translate (https://translate.google.com/) and Poltran (http://www.poltran.com) do a reasonable job of getting to the meaning of the sentence or giving a quick meaning to the passage. However, it is not perfect.

Reading Old Script

The information in the Polish records will be handwritten using Old German gothic handwriting. The formation of the letters is very different from the handwriting you recognize in today’s writing. An example are the letters f, h, j, s, and t, which differ only by the location of the loop or no loop. Download a chart from FamilySearch’s wiki pages comparing the letters of Roman Type and Old German Type and the letters of Old German Script and become familiar with their differences. Also, exchange similar letters when trying to decipher difficult words.

It is crucial you attempt to decipher as much of the record as you can. Your efforts will improve your comfort zone with Polish records, produce better research, and reduce the number of false family records analyzed.

Using Translators

The above books and word lists can partially translate most columnar formatted documents and many words in narrative records. However, some documents, such as narratives describing complicated marriage or death records, may have important family information and should be translated by someone knowledgeable in the appropriate language. In these situations, I request translations from someone familiar with the language who can give me the complete translation.

Before committing to any translator, ask questions about their experience and use recommendations from other genealogists. You also need to discuss the method of payment with your translator. It is essential if they are in Europe because transferring funds overseas may include costly fees. I have used PayPal and Western Union in the past.

One source I recently found for translating records is the Facebook Group, Genealogical Translations. Once you join the group, you can post one document daily for someone to translate. You will usually receive a translation within 48 hours. This service is free and performed by group members, so be respectful.

Here are two more resources where you can find a Polish translator:

Final comments on translating Polish records

  1. Try to decipher as much of the record as you can
  2. Learn to read Old German Script and recognize how the letters differ from today’s writing.
  3. Use genealogical word lists to translate your records partially.
  4. Ask for help if you find a problematic passage or phase.
  5. Translate as much to the records as possible because even small comments can enrich your family history when combined with facts from other documents.

Books about Writing

Here are my recommendations for books on writing. Note I have divided my list into two lists. The more important list is “Tips on Writing Family History.”

Developing Pure Writing Skills
1. A Writer’s Coach by Jack Hart
2. On Writing Well by William Zinsser

Tips on Writing Family History

  1. How to Write Compelling Stories from Family History by Annette Gendler
  2. How to Write Your Personal or Family History: (If You Don’t Do It, Who Will?) by Katie Wiebe
  3. A Recipe for Writing Family History by Devon Noel Lee and Andrew Lee 
  4. Writing Family Histories for the Nonwriter by Stephen Szabados 

Accuracy in Data and Oral History

Accurately recording your family history is crucial. First, record what you find, even if it conflicts with other information. Be sure to state the conflict. Then, continue your research to find the correct information. This method may sound contradictory, but it records all possible options. One of the options will lead you to the correct answer.

For example, I found six documents listing six different birth years for one ancestor. In her narrative, I initially stated she was born between 1853 and 1862 – a large nine-year range. I listed the years and then named the six records where I found the data. I knew the source documents were secondary sources, so I continued my research and finally found her birth record listing her birth in 1856. Recording all information, even if the accuracy is suspect, is essential. Inaccurate information can be a clue that helps you find the correct data. In addition, noting the contradictions in your narrative helps validate your other research because it shows the care you use in compiling your data.

Family oral history is another crucial area where accuracy is a concern. Treat the oral history you hear as a treasure. However, if some facts seem inaccurate, remember that some parts of the story may have a grain of truth, and some may be exaggerated. So, record the story as told by your family, including misspellings of names and places. However, try to confirm the details. If you find some parts are wrong or exaggerated, leave the original story as told, but then add your version explaining how and why it differs. Future generations may be able to find more facts that sort out the discrepancies and resolve the problem areas of the stories.

Also, remember that memories of older relatives often fade, and facts get confused with other stories. Therefore, you may not be able to verify it. However, the information you obtain through oral interviews may exist nowhere else, and you must take the data at face value until you find better information.

Look for the story and have fun with your ancestors.

Go beyond names and dates – Tell a story

Genealogy research should go beyond finding documents and filling in names and dates on charts. Additionally, family histories should be more than family trees or piles of documents listing the facts about our ancestors. Saving this information in a readable format is essential to making this information useful. This information is crucial to tell the stories that keep our ancestors’ memories alive and continue to honor them.

Keep Your Writing Simple and Readable

Your family history is not an academic report. You must cite your sources, but do not let its academic nature distract you from the stories. Do not view writing your family history as a report at the end of a project. Try viewing it as a journey of discovery.

Remember, your family history is a living document. Be flexible because there will always be new information to add. Be excited to tell the life story of your ancestors in words your family will understand. Do not be afraid to show your heart. Use your voice and style. Do not exaggerate or try to imitate your favorite author. You are writing it for your family. It does not have to reach the literary level of a best-selling book. So please keep it simple and omit needless words.

Your vocabulary is also essential. Use the words your family typically hears from you. If you must look up the definition of a word, do not use it. Instead, use a word that is comfortable for you.

I encourage you to use your words, voice, and style, but spelling and grammar are crucial in any type of writing, including family history. If you are reluctant to write because these skills intimidate you, grammar checkers such as Microsoft Editor, Prowriting Aid, and Grammarly will help you overcome your fears. These products include a free version on their website or offline for products like Word. You can quickly write your draft at your skill level and then turn on the grammar-checking software to correct errors. Using grammar-checking software can effectively enhance the readability of your narratives.

I use Grammarly as my grammar editor and have had great results. It also gives me suggestions to make my passages more readable. In addition, using this software allows me to spend more time researching and compiling the stories than agonizing over punctuation and grammar.

Initially, a grammar editor may intimidate you because it may catch many instances of your misuse of grammar and punctuation. However, the software is your friend because it points out problems privately before you show the narratives to your family. Your standing within your family should increase because your narratives are so clear. Also, remember the software does not change your narratives but merely suggests changes. The writer can accept the change or dismiss it. For example, I usually accept most punctuation changes but review how the other suggestions may change the readability or meaning of my content before choosing.

Textbooks state all writers strive to create well-written narratives and use the fundamentals of sound writing. This statement may intimidate some from attempting to write a family history. But these lofty visions should not deter genealogists from doing their work. Instead, your goal should be to identify and save family stories using the skills and tools you have.

Family History in Colonial Records

Finding the family stories in colonial records is more challenging than using records from the 1800s and 1900s. However, I have found success by researching probate, land records, county histories, and written family histories. Be thorough in your research, and include all family members. These sources may be challenging to find but must be found and reviewed if a record or narrative could exist.

The following are some examples.

Probate

No one has found a marriage record for my 4th great-grandparents, Peter Whittinghill and Catherine Gebhart. However, there is proof of the marriage in a probate record for her father.

The record stated, “Jacob Baylor had purchased land in 1780 from Mathias Gebhart, and the Conveyance of land had not been completed when Mathias Gabhart died in January 1798.” The bill listed the children of Mathias and stated his daughter Catherine had married Peter Whittinghill.

The most common benefit of probate records is the list of children’s names included in the wills. Another benefit is the inventory of goods, which measures the deceased’s wealth and points out areas of interest such as books or hobbies.

Land records

The following two examples show the timing of Peter Whittinghill’s moving his family from Virginia to Kentucky.

A county land record in Virginia indicated Peter Whittinghill sold his land in Rockbridge on April 5, 1796. The record also stated that Peter and Catherine were living in neighboring Amherst County at the time of the sale.

A Kentucky land record indicates Peter and Catherine purchased land in Mercer County, Kentucky, on January 26, 1798. The deed lists that Peter Whittinghill of Fayette County, Kentucky, purchased the land.

These two land records add details to Peter and Catherine’s story and also ask what they did between the two land transactions.

  • What were they doing in Amherst County, Virginia?
  • Did they make the 550-mile trek through the wilderness to Kentucky during the summer of 1796 or 1796?
  • Knowing the beginning and end points of the journey may suggest their path.
  • What were they doing in Fayette County, Kentucky, before buying the land in Mercer County?

To expand the narrative and answer these questions

  • Searching for records of Catherine’s family, who may have accompanied her and Peter on their journey
  • Review maps and historical trails that may indicate their route.

County History

Many county histories were published in the 1870s due to the impending Centennial celebration and are usually called “brag books.” The nickname refers to the exaggerated biographies at the back of the book that county residents submitted to the publishers. However, the historical narratives at the front of the book are based on county records and should give accurate comments about early settlers. If your ancestor was an early settler, this section may be a treasure trove of information.

I developed the following narrative from the county history, land records, and plat maps.

John Whittinghill bought land in Trisler, Kentucky, which was a few miles south of Fordsville. The county history indicates they settled on a farm on October 10, 1807, called Jones Station, and it was in the valley on the east side of the farm owned by John B. Haynes. While John built the cabin for his family on his land, they lived in a camp next to the East Fork Baptist Church, which is about two miles east of Fordsville. He also rented cleared land on the Gentry fields near Barrett’s Ferry, about eight miles away, to grow corn until he could clear his property for his crops[1]. I believe the Barrett’s Ferry land is near the present-day bridge on Highway 919 that spans the Rough River and is south of Fordsville.

Other Family Histories

Another source of family stories I use cautiously is family histories written by other researchers. Some were written in the 1800s, but most are from the 1900s. Some are more recent. I review them prudently because they may state information contradicted by recently discovered records or use confusing logic. However, I have found helpful information in most of the narratives. I have found these family histories in the Ancestry.com catalog, Familysearch.org’s Book section, and Google Books. I search using the family surname and then sort through the results for the books from the correct area and time period. I only use the information I have cross-checked with multiple sources, and it is logical.

The following example explains how I tried to sort out the family tree for my McDowell ancestors.

Various online trees list Charles McDowell with three different fathers (Thomas, Abraham, and Joseph) and three birth dates (1680, 1688, and 1697). I believe his parents were Joseph (1668) and Anne Calhoun (1655), and he was born in 1688. However, the date of his birth needs more research. I base my opinion on the following passage from Leo McDowell’s history of the McDowell Family that identifies Joseph McDowell’s parents and indicates Charles is his brother.

Charles lists his brother in his will as Joseph, who lived in Virginia and later moved to North Carolina. Other confirming details are that his brother Joseph has to be the son of Joseph McDowell and Anne Calhoun and the father of “Quaker Meadows” Joseph. This relationship fits the description of Charles being the grandfather of “Pleasant Gardens Joe” and the uncle of “Quaker Meadows Joe,” as I found in other narratives.

Exerts from “My McDowell Family” by Leo G. McDowell[2]

“Charles and Joseph McDowell came from Donegal, Province of Ulster, Ireland, lived for a time in Pennsylvania, where they landed, and from there moved to Augusta county, Virginia. This was along with Ephraim, John, Robert, and Archibald. Unquestionably, they were all related, but to what degree it is impossible to determine with exactness at this late day.

“However, we know that Charles and Joseph were brothers because in the will of Charles, which is the second oldest recorded will in Anson County, NC, he says: ‘I do leave to my well-beloved brother Joseph McDowell of Frederick county in Virginia, one brown broadcloth coat, one beaver hat, and one pair of shoe boots.”


[1] Obituary of John’ son Peter T. Whittinghill, The Ohio County News, HARTFORD, KENTUCKY, Wednesday, June 16, 1886

[2] Webpage: “My McDowell Family – Settling the Frontier” by Leo B. McDowell, 2000, Per Findagrave: His parents were Abraham MacDowell & Ann Colquhoun/Calhoun of Ulster, Northern Ireland